Solar irrigation, cold rooms, biogas cookers and e-motorbikes all worked technically. The hard part came after the pilot: would people keep using them, keep paying, and could the business survive the growth? That question sits at the heart of From Pilots to Pathways, a new publication by Siemens Stiftung drawing on four years of the Smart Energy Solutions for Africa (SESA) project. Funded by the EU's Horizon 2020 programme and running from 2021 to 2025, SESA brought together more than 29 partners in nine countries to test smart energy business models in agriculture, cold storage, clean...















